殺生劑如(ru)何分類?什么是(shi)氧化(hua)性(xing)和非化(hua)性(xing)殺生(sheng)劑?

重慶恒諾水處(chu)理設備(bei)有限公司(si)從(cong)事水處(chu)理事業十多年，已成為重慶純水、超純水設備(bei)，重慶實驗室超(chao)純(chun)水設備，重慶工業電子級超(chao)純(chun)水設備,重慶實驗室廢水(shui)系統，重慶礦(kuang)用水(shui)處理設(she)備的(de)專(zhuan)業生(sheng)產廠(chang)家，致(zhi)力于為(wei)客戶提(ti)供優(you)質的(de)水處理解決方案(an)，今天(tian)分享氧化性和非化性殺(sha)生劑(ji)問題，供大家參考(kao)。

化學殺生(sheng)(sheng)法所用的殺生(sheng)(sheng)劑可從不(bu)同角(jiao)度進行分類。

按(an)其對微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)殺(sha)(sha)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)程度可分(fen)為(wei)微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)殺(sha)(sha)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)劑(ji)(ji)和(he)微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)抑制(zhi)劑(ji)(ji)。前者能在(zai)短(duan)時間內(nei)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)各種生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)效應，真正殺(sha)(sha)死微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)，多為(wei)強氧化(hua)劑(ji)(ji)。后者不能大量(liang)殺(sha)(sha)死微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)，而(er)是阻止(zhi)其繁殖，以達到控制(zhi)微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)數量(liang)的(de)目的(de)。按(an)照殺(sha)(sha)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)劑(ji)(ji)的(de)化(hua)學(xue)成分(fen)可分(fen)為(wei)無(wu)機(ji)殺(sha)(sha)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)劑(ji)(ji)和(he)有(you)機(ji)殺(sha)(sha)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)劑(ji)(ji)。按(an)照殺(sha)(sha)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)劑(ji)(ji)的(de)殺(sha)(sha)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)機(ji)制(zhi)可分(fen)為(wei)氧化(hua)性殺(sha)(sha)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)劑(ji)(ji)和(he)非氧化(hua)性殺(sha)(sha)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)劑(ji)(ji)。

氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)性殺(sha)生(sheng)劑(ji)是(shi)具(ju)有氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)性質的(de)(de)殺(sha)生(sheng)藥劑(ji)，通常是(shi)強(qiang)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)劑(ji)。能(neng)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)微(wei)生(sheng)物(wu)體內起代謝作用(yong)的(de)(de)酶，從而殺(sha)滅微(wei)生(sheng)物(wu)。鹵素(su)中(zhong)的(de)(de)氯(lv)(lv)、溴(xiu)、碘和臭氧(yang)(yang)(yang)、雙氧(yang)(yang)(yang)水、過氧(yang)(yang)(yang)乙酸(suan)(suan)(suan)、過一硫酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鹽、高鐵酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鉀等都屬王氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)性殺(sha)生(sheng)劑(ji)。但在循(xun)環冷卻水中(zhong)最常用(yong)的(de)(de)只是(shi)氯(lv)(lv)及其化(hua)合物(wu)，如液(ye)氯(lv)(lv)、次氯(lv)(lv)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鈉、次氯(lv)(lv)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鈣、漂(piao)白粉、氯(lv)(lv)化(hua)異氰尿酸(suan)(suan)(suan)及二氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)氯(lv)(lv)@。近年溴化合物(wu)已用于循環冷卻水系統，其發(fa)展也越來越受到重(zhong)視。

非氧化性(xing)(xing)殺(sha)生(sheng)(sheng)劑(ji)不以氧化作用殺(sha)死微(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)，而(er)是以致毒劑(ji)作用于微(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)的(de)(de)特殊部位，以各種方式殺(sha)傷或抑制微(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)。非氧化性(xing)(xing)殺(sha)生(sheng)(sheng)劑(ji)的(de)(de)殺(sha)生(sheng)(sheng)作用不受水(shui)中還原性(xing)(xing)物(wu)質(zhi)的(de)(de)影響，一般對pH值變化(hua)不敏感。非氧化(hua)性(xing)殺生劑的(de)(de)品種很多。按(an)其化(hua)學(xue)成(cheng)分有氯酚類、有機硫類、胺(an)類、季銨(an)鹽類、醌類、烯類、醛類、重金(jin)屬類等。考慮其殺生力、排放余毒及費(fei)用(yong)(yong)等各方面的(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)，實際在循環冷卻水系統中常用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)品種并不多。最常用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)是季銨(an)鹽、二硫氰酸甲酯、異噻唑(zuo)啉酮、戊二醛等。近(jin)年開發的(de)(de)季錛鹽也已用(yong)(yong)于生產。

循(xun)環冷卻水(shui)系(xi)統的(de)(de)殺生一(yi)般(ban)以氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)性(xing)(xing)殺生劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)為主(zhu)，多(duo)采用(yong)氯(lv)、異氰尿酸或二(er)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)氯(lv)為經(jing)常(chang)性(xing)(xing)殺生劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，輔助使用(yong)非氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)性(xing)(xing)殺生劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)性(xing)(xing)殺生劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)殺生力(li)強、價(jia)廉，其不(bu)足之處是在(zai)水(shui)中還原性(xing)(xing)物質含量多(duo)時藥劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)消(xiao)耗量大、效(xiao)率降(jiang)低。非氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)性(xing)(xing)殺生劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)可以彌補氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)性(xing)(xing)殺生劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之不(bu)足，它對污垢的(de)(de)滲(shen)透及剝離作用(yong)也優于氯(lv)。非氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)性(xing)(xing)

殺生劑如(ru)作為主(zhu)要殺生手段經常地使(shi)用(yong)(yong)則費用(yong)(yong)很高，故一般與(yu)氧化性殺生劑配合使(shi)用(yong)(yong)，常常在單用(yong)(yong)氧化性殺生劑有困難的時候(hou)輔助作用(yong)(yong)。

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